Environmental Science 102
Surface Water Study Guide


After the "Surface Water" lecture and readings you should be able to answer and discuss the following questions.

What is surface water? Give examples of the various types of surface water.

Define what a stream is in terms of its shape and size.

Describe stream flow.

Within which part of the stream is flow velocity greatest? Explain why it is greatest within this part of the stream.

Define stream discharge and the equation used to calculate it.

What is stream gradient and how is it measured?

What is stream load?

Define flooding.

What is the flood stage?

List and describe the causes of flooding.

Upon which features are flood predictions made?

What are the characteristics of lakes?

What are the characteristics of ponds?

What are wetlands?

Describe how lakes are formed and destroyed through natural processes.